電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)(he)及變(bian)化磁場(chang)(chang)(chang)周圍(wei)空間(jian)里存在(zai)的(de)一種(zhong)特殊物質。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)這(zhe)種(zhong)物質與通(tong)常的(de)實物不同，它(ta)(ta)不是(shi)由分子(zi)原子(zi)所組(zu)成，但它(ta)(ta)是(shi)客觀存在(zai)的(de)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)具(ju)有(you)通(tong)常物質所具(ju)有(you)的(de)力(li)和能(neng)量(liang)等客觀屬性(xing)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)的(de)力(li)的(de)性(xing)質表現為：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)對(dui)(dui)放入其中的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)(he)有(you)作用(yong)力(li)，這(zhe)種(zhong)力(li)稱(cheng)為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)力(li)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)的(de)能(neng)的(de)性(xing)質表現為：當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)(he)在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)中移(yi)動時，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)力(li)對(dui)(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)(he)作功（這(zhe)說明電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)具(ju)有(you)能(neng)量(liang)）。

電(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)是存在于(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)(he)周圍能傳遞電(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)(he)與電(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)(he)之間(jian)相(xiang)互作用(yong)的物理場(chang)(chang)(chang)。在電(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)(he)周圍總有電(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)存在；同時電(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)對(dui)場(chang)(chang)(chang)中其他(ta)電(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)(he)發生力的作用(yong)。觀(guan)察(cha)者(zhe)(zhe)相(xiang)對(dui)于(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)(he)靜(jing)止時所觀(guan)察(cha)到的場(chang)(chang)(chang)稱為靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)。如果電(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)(he)相(xiang)對(dui)于(yu)觀(guan)察(cha)者(zhe)(zhe)運動，則除靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)外(wai)，還(huan)有磁(ci)場(chang)(chang)(chang)出現(xian)。除了電(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)(he)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)引(yin)起電(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)外(wai)，變化(hua)的磁(ci)場(chang)(chang)(chang)也可(ke)以(yi)(yi)引(yin)起電(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)，前者(zhe)(zhe)為靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)，后(hou)者(zhe)(zhe)叫做渦旋電(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)或(huo)感(gan)應(ying)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)。變化(hua)的磁(ci)場(chang)(chang)(chang)引(yin)起電(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)。所以(yi)(yi)運動電(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)(he)或(huo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流之間(jian)的作用(yong)要(yao)通過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)場(chang)(chang)(chang)來傳遞。